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       電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)的一種，金屬箔為正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)（鋁(lv)或(huo)鉭），與正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)緊貼金屬的氧化膜（氧化鋁(lv)或(huo)五氧化二鉭）是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介質(zhi)，陰(yin)極(ji)由導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材料(liao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)可(ke)以是液(ye)體(ti)或(huo)固體(ti)）和(he)其他材料(liao)共同(tong)組成，因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)質(zhi)是陰(yin)極(ji)的主要部分，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)因此而得名(ming)。同(tong)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)正(zheng)(zheng)負不可(ke)接錯(cuo)。鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)可(ke)以分為四類：引線(xian)型鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)；牛角型鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)；螺栓式鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)；固態鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)。

一、 高壓電解電容在電路中的作用

 （1）在輸電(dian)線路中，利用高(gao)壓電(dian)容(rong)器可以組成(cheng)串補(bu)站，提高(gao)輸電(dian)線路的輸送(song)能力。

（2）在大型變電(dian)站中，利用高壓電(dian)容(rong)器可以組成(cheng)靜止型相(xiang)控電(dian)抗(kang)器式動(dong)態無(wu)功補償裝(zhuang)置(zhi)（SVC），提(ti)高電(dian)能質(zhi)量。

（3）在配(pei)電(dian)線路(lu)(lu)末端，利用高壓電(dian)容(rong)器可以提高線路(lu)(lu)末端的(de)功(gong)率因數(shu)，保障線路(lu)(lu)末端的(de)電(dian)壓質量(liang)。

（4）在變電(dian)站的中、低壓各段母(mu)線(xian)，均裝有(you)高壓電(dian)容器(qi)，以補償(chang)負荷消(xiao)耗(hao)的無(wu)功，提(ti)高母(mu)線(xian)側的功率因數。

  （5）在有非線(xian)性負(fu)荷的負(fu)荷終端站(zhan)，也會(hui)裝設高(gao)壓電(dian)容器(qi)，作為濾波(bo)用。

二(er)、高壓電(dian)容器的三種放電(dian)方法

       將電(dian)(dian)容(rong)進行(xing)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)原(yuan)因是電(dian)(dian)容(rong)在運行(xing)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)后，內部會儲存電(dian)(dian)量，所以我們(men)要想辦(ban)法將其(qi)電(dian)(dian)荷放(fang)盡，否(fou)則容(rong)易發生(sheng)觸電(dian)(dian)事故。

       一般電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)只(zhi)要使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容的(de)(de)正負兩極(ji)短接(jie)(jie)即(ji)可。而高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容一般不要直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)短路放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以免燒壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)點，（同時(shi)聲(sheng)響也令人不寒(han)而栗）可以選擇適當的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻或用臺燈(deng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)烙鐵(tie)、或萬用表的(de)(de)相關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓檔(dang)位(wei)等(deng)負載(zai)較大的(de)(de)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)進行(xing)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，時(shi)間(jian)可以稍微長一點，還可以多次進行(xing)這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)處理，直(zhi)到放(fang)完了(le)事(shi)。