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貼片電解電容，陰(yin)極采用(yong)(yong)的材料是電解(jie)液，這是個也是我們見得多使用(yong)(yong)廣泛(fan)的電容。

有極(ji)(ji)(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)或中(zhong)頻(pin)、低頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)起(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源濾波、退耦(ou)、信(xin)號耦(ou)合及時(shi)(shi)間常(chang)(chang)數設定、隔直流(liu)等作用(yong)(yong)。一(yi)般不(bu)能用(yong)(yong)于交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，在直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)作濾波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)，其陽(yang)極(ji)(ji)(ji)（正極(ji)(ji)(ji)）應與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)正極(ji)(ji)(ji)端相連接(jie)，陰極(ji)(ji)(ji)（負極(ji)(ji)(ji)）與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)端相連接(jie)，不(bu)能接(jie)反，否則(ze)會損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)。 無極(ji)(ji)(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)通(tong)常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)于音箱(xiang)分頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視(shi)機S校(xiao)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)及單(dan)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)(de)起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)。
電解電容器廣泛(fan)應(ying)用于家用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器和各種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品中，其(qi)容(rong)量范圍較大(da)，一般為1~1000μF，額定工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍為6.3~450V。其(qi)缺點是介質損耗、容(rong)量誤差(cha)較大(da)（最(zui)大(da)允許(xu)偏差(cha)為+100%、-20%），耐高(gao)溫性(xing)較差(cha)，存(cun)放(fang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)長容(rong)易失效。 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)的(de)極(ji)性(xing)，注意觀察在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)的(de)側面有“—”，是負(fu)(fu)極(ji)，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)上(shang)沒有標明正(zheng)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)，也可以根據(ju)它的(de)引腳的(de)長短來判斷，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)的(de)正(zheng)極(ji)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源正(zheng)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)擋(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)黑(hei)表筆），負(fu)(fu)端接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源負(fu)(fu)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)擋(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)紅表筆）時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)的(de)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流才小（漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)大(da)）。反之(zhi)，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)的(de)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流增加（漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)減小）。 
測(ce)量時，先(xian)假定某極為“+”極，讓其(qi)與(yu)萬(wan)用(yong)表(biao)的(de)黑表(biao)筆(bi)相接，另一電(dian)(dian)極與(yu)萬(wan)用(yong)表(biao)的(de)紅表(biao)筆(bi)相接，記下(xia)表(biao)針(zhen)停(ting)止的(de)刻度(du)（表(biao)針(zhen)靠(kao)左阻(zu)值大(da)），然后(hou)將電(dian)(dian)容器放(fang)電(dian)(dian)（既兩(liang)根引線碰(peng)一下(xia)），兩(liang)只(zhi)表(biao)筆(bi)對調，重(zhong)新(xin)進行測(ce)量。兩(liang)次(ci)測(ce)量中(zhong)，表(biao)針(zhen)最后(hou)停(ting)留的(de)位置靠(kao)左（阻(zu)值大(da)）的(de)那(nei)次(ci)，黑表(biao)筆(bi)接的(de)就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)容的(de)正極。

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